Abstract: Objective To assess the risk of alien pathogen invasion in China, and to reduce their harms. Methods The alien pathogens that might invade China since the year of 2000 were identified through consulting the literature, domestic and alien invasive species databases, and experts, and the risk assessment index system and risk assessment standard for alien pathogen invasion that adapt to the local ecological environment and economic and social development were established. Results Through the above method, the status description and risk assessment of 22 pathogens were carried out. It was found that 17 pathogens were high-risk invasion, 5 pathogens were medium risk invasion, among which 8 pathogens had invaded China. Conclusions China is facing a large risk of invasion of foreign pathogenic bacteria, and the monitoring and warning should be strengthened in time to prevent and control foreign pathogens.

Key words: Biosafety, Invasive alien pathogen, Risk assessment

摘要： 目的 为降低外来致病菌入侵带来的危害，对我国外来致病菌入侵的风险性进行评估。方法 通过查阅文献、国内外入侵物种数据库、专家咨询等方法，筛选2000年以后可能入侵我国的外来致病菌，并构建适应于我国地区生态环境特点和经济社会发展特征的外来致病菌入侵风险评估指标体系及风险评估标准。结果 通过上述方法对筛选出的22种致病菌进行现状描述及风险评估，发现17种致病菌为高风险入侵，5种致病菌为中风险入侵，其中有8种致病菌已入侵我国。结论 我国面临的外来致病菌入侵风险较大，应加强监测预警，及时对外来入侵致病菌进行预防和治理。

关键词: 生物安全, 外来入侵致病菌, 风险评估