Abstract: Objective To investigate the rodent species and carried ectoparasites and pathogens at Horgos port in Xinjiang, China. Methods Rodents were captured by day snap-trapping and night snap-trapping methods at Horgos port in 2020. Morphological identification was carried out for the captured rodents and ectoparasites. The spleen and lung tissues of rodents were collected. Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, Yersinia pestis, and spotted fever group rickettsiae in the spleen tissue were measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hantavirus nucleic acid in the lung tissue was measured by reverse transcription-PCR. Results In 2020, 142 rodents of 9 species were caught at Horgos port, and the dominant species were Apodemus sylvaticus and Rhombomys opimus. There were 25 parasitic ticks on the body surface belonging to 4 species, and the dominant species was Ixodes persulcatus. There were 203 parasitic fleas on the body surface belonging to 8 species, and the dominant species was Xenopsylla minax. Of the rodent ticks, 8 ticks tested positive for A. phagocytophilum nucleic acid, and 1 tick tested positive for spotted fever group rickettsiae nucleic acid; Y. pestis, hantavirus, and B. burgdorferi were not detected. Conclusion The composition of rodents and ectoparasites, as well as the carried pathogens at Horgos port provide some valuable reference for the prevention and control of rodents, ticks, fleas and related diseases in the local area.

Key words: Rodents, Ectoparasites, Pathogens

摘要： 目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区霍尔果斯口岸地区鼠种类和携带病原体情况。方法 2020年，在霍尔果斯口岸地区采用夹日法和夹夜法捕鼠，对捕获鼠类及体表寄生虫进行形态鉴定，采集鼠类脾脏和肺组织，用PCR方法检测脾脏的嗜吞噬细胞无形体、莱姆病螺旋体、鼠疫耶尔森菌（鼠疫菌）、斑点热群立克次体，用反转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）方法检测肺组织的汉坦病毒核酸。结果 2020年，在霍尔果斯口岸地区捕鼠9种142只，优势鼠种为小林姬鼠和大沙鼠；体表寄生蜱类4种25只，优势种为全沟硬蜱；体表寄生蚤类8种203匹，优势种为臀突客蚤。鼠脾中检出嗜吞噬细胞无形体核酸阳性8株和斑点热群立克次体核酸阳性1株，未检测到鼠疫菌、汉坦病毒、莱姆病螺旋体。结论 掌握了霍尔果斯口岸地区鼠类及体表寄生虫的构成以及携带病原体情况，结果对当地鼠、蜱、蚤及相关疾病防控有一定参考价值。

关键词: 鼠类, 体表寄生虫, 病原体