An investigation of small mammal distribution and their infection with pathogens in rural areas of Quzhou, Zhejiang province, China

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.06.007

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the small mammal distribution and their infection with pathogens in rural areas of Quzhou, Zhejiang province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases in Quzhou. Methods From September 2020 to July 2021, the night snap trapping method was used to monitor small mammal species in Kecheng district and Longyou county of Quzhou. The viscera of small mammals, including liver, spleen, kidney, and lung, were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the nucleic acids of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot), Leptospira, and Hantavirus. Results A total of 210 small mammals were captured during the survey of Quzhou monitoring sites, with a capture rate of 8.44%. March, September, and November were the peak months of small mammal infestation. Apodemus agrarius (130/210, 61.91%) was the dominant species in rural areas of Quzhou, followed by Rattus tanezumi (32/210, 15.24%) and R. norvegicus (20/210, 9.52%). In terms of various habitats, R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus were the dominant species in rural residential areas, and A. agrarius was the dominant species in farmland and forest land. A total of 210 visceral specimens were collected from the small mammals, of which 13 (6.19%) were positive for hantavirus nucleic acid, 7 (3.33%) were positive for Leptospira nucleic acid, and SFTSV and Ot were not detected. There was a statistical difference between the detection rates of 4 pathogens (χ²=24.176, P<0.001). In terms of various small mammal species, hantavirus nucleic acid was detected only from A. agrarius, with a positive rate of 10.00% (13/130); Leptospira nucleic acid was detected from R. norvegicus, A. agrarius, and R. tanezumi, with positive rates of 5.00% (1/20), 3.85% (5/130), and 3.13% (1/32), respectively; there was no statistical difference between the positive rates (χ²=0.114, P=0.945). Some A. agrarius rodents were co-infected with hantavirus and Leptospira. Conclusion A. agrarius, R. tanezumi, and R. norvegicus are the dominant species in rural areas of Quzhou. A. agrarius carries hantavirus and Leptospira; R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus carry Leptospira. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases and carry out patriotic health campaigns of rodent control and disease prevention to reduce the risk of infection with rodent-borne diseases.

Key words: Small mammal, Leptospira, Hantavirus, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Pathogen

摘要： 目的调查浙江省衢州市农村地区小兽分布及其病原体携带情况，为衢州市鼠传疾病防治提供科学依据。方法采用夹夜法于2020年9月－2021年7月对衢州市柯城区和龙游县开展小兽种类监测，采集其肝、脾、肾和肺等内脏，应用荧光定量PCR法检测发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒（SFTSV）、恙虫病东方体（Ot）、钩端螺旋体（钩体）和汉坦病毒核酸。结果衢州市监测点调查期间共捕获小兽210只，捕获率为8.44%，3、9和11月是小兽活跃高峰。黑线姬鼠（130/210，61.91%）为衢州市农村地区优势种，其次为黄胸鼠（32/210，15.24%）和褐家鼠（20/210，9.52%）。不同生境中，农村居民区以黄胸鼠、褐家鼠为主，农田林地以黑线姬鼠为主。采集小兽内脏标本210份，其中汉坦病毒核酸阳性13份（6.19%），钩体核酸阳性7份（3.33%），SFTSV和Ot未检出，4种病原体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=24.176，P<0.001）。不同小兽种类中，仅从黑线姬鼠检出汉坦病毒核酸阳性，阳性率为10.00%（13/130）；从褐家鼠、黑线姬鼠、黄胸鼠检出钩体核酸阳性，阳性率分别为5.00%（1/20）、3.85%（5/130）和3.13%（1/32），各鼠种间阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.114，P=0.945）。黑线姬鼠存在汉坦病毒和钩体混合感染现象。结论黑线姬鼠、黄胸鼠和褐家鼠为衢州市农村地区优势种，黑线姬鼠携带汉坦病毒和钩体，黄胸鼠和褐家鼠携带钩体。应加强鼠传疾病防治宣传，开展除害防病爱国卫生运动，降低鼠传疾病的感染风险。

关键词: 小兽, 钩端螺旋体, 汉坦病毒, 恙虫病东方体, 病原体

CLC Number:

S443
R37

ZHONG Jian-yue, WANG Jin-na, YANG Hui, CAO Guo-ping, WU Yu-yan, CHEN Wei-hua, YU Zhang-you, FANG Chun-fu. An investigation of small mammal distribution and their infection with pathogens in rural areas of Quzhou, Zhejiang province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(6): 805-808.

钟建跃, 王金娜, 杨辉, 曹国平, 吴瑜燕, 陈韦华, 余樟有, 方春福. 浙江省衢州市农村地区2020－2021年小兽分布及其病原体携带情况调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(6): 805-808.

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