Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and surveillance studies of host animal in Quzhou, Zhejiang province, China, 2006-2020

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.04.007

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) as well as the species composition and Hantavirus infection status of host animals in Quzhou, Zhejiang province, China, and to provide a reference for formulating scientific prevention and control measures. Methods The incidence data of HFRS in Quzhou from 2006 to 2020 were analyzed. The night snap-trapping method was used to capture small mammals to calculate the capture rate and analyze the species composition of small mammals. The lungs and blood of the small mammals were collected to detect Hantavirus antigen and antibody for information on hantavirus infection among the small mammals. The Chi-squared test was used to compare the rates. Results A total of 720 cases of HFRS were reported in Quzhou from 2006 to 2020, with an average annual incidence rate of 2.13/100 000. Of those, there were two deaths, with a fatality rate of 0.28%. The cases were mainly aged between 30 and 69 years, accounting for 92.08% of total cases. Farmers accounted for 80.14% of total cases. The male-to-female ratio was 2.35:1. The incidence of HFRS peaked during May to July and October to next January. The average annual incidence was highest in Kaihua county, which was 8.81/100 000. The indoor and outdoor capture rates of small mammals were 5.57% and 6.14%, respectively, showing a statistical difference (χ²=7.374, P=0.007). Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species indoors, accounting for 41.18%, and Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species outdoors, accounting for 62.97%. There was a statistical difference in the species composition of small mammals indoors and outdoors (χ²=1 343.773, P<0.001). The antigen-positive rate of Hantavirus averaged 2.42%, and differed statistically between different species of small mammals (χ²=17.260, P=0.004). The serum antibody-positive rate for Hantavirus averaged 6.71%, and differed statistically between different species of small mammals (χ²=32.923,P<0.001). Conclusion There is a high density of small mammals and a high infection rate of Hantavirus among these small mammals in Quzhou. Cases of HFRS are mainly middle-aged and elderly, with high proportions of males and farmers. Its incidence shows double peaks in summer and winter. It is still necessary to strengthen comprehensive control measures combining HFRS monitoring, rodent control, health education, and vaccination for prevention and control of HFRS.

Key words: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Host animal, Epidemiological characteristic

摘要： 目的了解浙江省衢州市肾综合征出血热（HFRS）流行特征和宿主动物构成及汉坦病毒携带情况，为制定科学防控措施提供参考依据。方法对衢州市2006－2020年HFRS发病资料进行分析，采用夹夜法调查小兽捕获率，采集小兽肺和血进行汉坦病毒抗原和抗体检测，并分析小兽种类构成及其带病毒情况。率的比较采用χ²检验。结果 2006－2020年衢州市共报告HFRS病例720例，年平均发病率为2.13/10万，其中死亡病例2例，病死率为0.28%。发病人群以30～69岁为主，占92.08%，农民占80.14%，男女性别比为2.35∶1。发病高峰集中在每年的5－7月、10月至次年1月，以开化县年平均发病率最高（8.81/10万）。监测点室内、外小兽捕获率分别为5.57%和6.14%，二者差异有统计学意义（χ²=7.374，P=0.007），室内以褐家鼠为优势种，占41.18%，室外以黑线姬鼠为优势种，占62.97%，室内外小兽种类构成差异有统计学意义（χ²=1 343.773，P<0.001）。小兽肺抗原平均阳性率为2.42%，不同种类小兽抗原检测阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=17.260，P=0.004）；小兽血清抗体阳性率为6.71%，不同种类小兽抗体检测阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=32.923，P<0.001）。结论衢州市小兽密度及其带病毒率较高，HFRS病例以中老年人、男性、农民为主，发病高峰呈夏季及冬季双峰型，衢州市仍需加强HFRS监测、防鼠灭鼠、健康教育及疫苗接种相结合的综合防治措施。

关键词: 肾综合征出血热, 宿主动物, 流行特征

CLC Number:

R373.3⁺2

WANG Min, YANG Hui, YU Zhang-you, ZHONG Jian-yue, FANG Chun-fu, WU Shi-quan, GONG Zhen-yu. Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and surveillance studies of host animal in Quzhou, Zhejiang province, China, 2006-2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(4): 480-484.

王敏, 杨辉, 余樟有, 钟建跃, 方春福, 吴世泉, 龚震宇. 浙江省衢州市2006－2020年肾综合征出血热人群流行特征及宿主动物监测研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(4): 480-484.

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