Abstract: Objective To investigate the variation in the population and density of small mammals in Yichang section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and to provide a basis for scientific surveillance, prevention, and control. Methods The surveillance data of small mammals in Yichang section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in 1997-2020 were collected to analyze the changes in population distribution and density using Excel 16.0, SPSS 20.0, and Joinpoint 4.8 softwares. Results In 1997-2020, nine species of small mammals were found in Yichang section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and 1 059 small mammals were captured, with a mean rodent density of 1.56%. The rodent density was 2.94% in residential area and showed a trend of reduction year by year (P<0.05), and the dominant species were Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, and R. tanezumi. The rodent density was 1.03% in farming area and fluctuated at a relatively low level (P>0.05), and the dominant species were R. losea and Apodemus agrarius. Conclusion After the operation of the Three Gorges Project, there is no significant change in the density of small mammals in the residential and farming areas in Yichang section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, but there is still a risk of rodent-borne diseases, and therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of small mammals and the work of deratization.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir area, Rodent, Surveillance

摘要： 目的 调查三峡库区宜昌段鼠形动物种类构成和密度的消长规律，为科学开展监测和防控提供依据。方法 收集整理1997－2020年三峡库区宜昌段鼠形动物监测资料，运用Excel 16.0、SPSS 20.0和Joinpoint 4.8软件分析种群分布和密度变化趋势。结果 1997－2020年间三峡库区宜昌段监测发现鼠形动物9种1 059只，平均鼠密度为1.56%。其中居住区密度为2.94%，鼠密度呈现逐年下降趋势（P<0.05），优势鼠种为褐家鼠、小家鼠和黄胸鼠；耕作区密度为1.03%，鼠密度无明显趋势变化（P>0.05），以黄毛鼠和黑线姬鼠占优势。结论 三峡工程运行后，三峡库区宜昌段居住区和耕作区鼠形动物密度未出现明显变化，但仍存在鼠传疾病发生的风险，应继续加强鼠形动物监测和灭鼠工作。

关键词: 三峡库区, 鼠形动物, 监测