Surveillance of mosquitoes and their virus infection in Wudu district, Longnan, Gansu province, China, 2017-2019

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.02.013

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate mosquito population distribution and mosquito virus infection in Wudu district, Longnan, Gansu province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Methods Adult mosquito density was monitored in Wudu district from 2017 to 2019 using the light trapping method. Specific real-time PCR was used to detect Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) in captured mosquitoes. Results A total of 15 796 female mosquitoes were captured from 2017 to 2019. The dominant species were Culex pipiens pallens (49.30%) and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (45.59%). The mosquito density was highest in livestock sheds (104.76 mosquitoes/light·night). Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was the most abundant in livestock sheds (77.96%), followed by farmhouses (9.17%). The annual mean mosquito density increased continuously, and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=32.955, P<0.05). Mosquito density showed unimodal distribution and peaked in June to August, with the highest density in July 2019 (143.05 mosquitoes/light·night). The number of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus captured from June to August accounted for 92.20% (6 639/7 201) of the total number of this species. A total of 28 specimens were made from the 1 074 female mosquitoes captured from July 29 to 30, 2019 and sent to the Virus Laboratory of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for nucleic acid detection of JEV and WNV, and the positive rates of JEV and WNV were 21.43% (6/28) and 0, respectively. Conclusion The density of mosquito vectors in Wudu district was relatively high, the proportion of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus increased from 2017 to 2019, and JEV was detected in mosquitoes. The high risk of mosquito-borne infectious diseases requires intensified mosquito control measures to reduce mosquito density and effectively suppress the occurrence of mosquito-borne infectious diseases.

Key words: Mosquito, Species, Density, Virus

摘要： 目的了解甘肃省陇南市武都区蚊类种群分布以及病毒感染情况，为蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法于2017－2019年采用诱蚊灯法在武都区进行成蚊密度监测。使用特异性实时荧光PCR（Real-time PCR）检测方法对集中采集到的蚊虫进行流行性乙型脑炎病毒（JEV）、西尼罗病毒（WNV）病原学检测。结果 2017－2019年共捕获雌蚊15 796只，优势种为淡色库蚊和三带喙库蚊，分别占捕获总数的49.30%和45.59%；牲畜棚蚊密度最高，平均成蚊密度为104.76只/（灯·夜），三带喙库蚊在牲畜棚的构成比最高，占77.96%，其次为农户占9.17%；年平均蚊密度呈逐年增加趋势，差异有统计学意义（χ²=32.955，P<0.05）；蚊密度均呈单峰分布，高峰出现在6－8月，2019年7月蚊密度最高，为143.05只/（灯·夜），6－8月捕获三带喙库蚊占该蚊总数的92.20%（6 639/7 201）；对2019年7月29－30日捕获的1 074只雌蚊分装成28批标本，送中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所病毒实验室进行JEV和WNV核酸检测，结果JEV阳性率为21.43%（6/28），WNV检测均为阴性。结论武都区蚊媒密度较高，三带喙库蚊占比呈逐年上升趋势，且在蚊虫中检出JEV，蚊媒传染病流行的风险高，需加大蚊虫防制措施，降低蚊密度，有效控制蚊媒传染病的发生。

关键词: 蚊虫, 种群, 密度, 病毒

CLC Number:

WANG Xiao-jun, CAI Yu-cheng, REN Gui-qing, TONG Bo-bo, JIA Xu-zhen. Surveillance of mosquitoes and their virus infection in Wudu district, Longnan, Gansu province, China, 2017-2019[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(2): 188-192.

王小军, 蔡玉成, 任贵清, 童波波, 贾续珍. 甘肃省陇南市武都区2017－2019年蚊类监测及其感染病毒调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(2): 188-192.

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