Abstract: Objective To investigate the species composition, quantitative distribution, and seasonal variation of rodents and their parasitic fleas in the Zhangjiakou 2022 Winter Olympic Games zone (hereinafter referred to as the Zhangjiakou competition zone) and the surrounding areas in Hebei province, China, and to provide basic data for the prediction and emergency treatment of vector-borne diseases during the Winter Olympic Games. Methods From September 2018 to September 2019, the five-meter traping method and the quadrat method were used to investigate the species composition and density of rodents in Chongli district and the area around the Zhangjiakou competition zone, and parasitic fleas were collected and classified. The ecological method was used to analyze the species composition, distribution, and seasonal density variation of rodents, and Excel 2010 software was used to analyze data and draw charts. Results The quadrat method was used to investigate 20 quadrats, and no rodents were captured. The five-meter traping method was used to investigate 166 sites, and 266 rodents were captured by 16 600 traps and were classified into 8 species, 5 genera, and 3 families, with a capture rate of 1.60%. Time variation showed a rodent density of <1.00% from October to June in the next year, especially from December to April in the next year. Apodemus agrarius and Cricetulus barabensis were the main rodent species, and the rodent density was 6.14% in July and 5.93% in September. There was a variety of rodent species, mainly A. agrarius, C. migratorius, C. barabensis, A. peninsulae, and A. draco. A total of 266 rodents were examined, among which 36 were found to have fleas, with a flea infestation rate of 13.53%, and a total of 100 fleas were collected and classified into 7 species, 5 genera, and 3 families, with a mean flea index of 0.38. Bacteriological and serological tests were performed for all materials and yielded negative results. Conclusion Main host animals and fleas in Hebei province and surrounding natural plague foci are not found in the Zhangjiakou competition area and the surrounding area, and there are differences in natural landscape, the species composition of rodents, and the composition of fleas between the Zhangjiakou competition zone and natural plague foci in Hebei province. Therefore, there is a relatively low risk of primary animal plague in the local area.

Key words: Rodent, Flea, Zhangjiakou competition zone

摘要： 目的 了解河北省张家口市2022年冬奥会赛区（张家口赛区）及周边区域鼠类及其寄生蚤物种构成、数量分布及季节变化等情况，为冬奥会举办期间媒介生物传染病的预测预报和应急处理工作提供基础数据。方法 2018年9月至2019年9月，在张家口赛区周边及整个崇礼区利用5 m夹线法和样方法调查鼠类物种构成及密度，同时收集鼠体寄生蚤并分类。采用生态学方法，分析鼠种构成、分布和密度季节消长，Excel 2010软件用于数据整理和绘制图表。结果 采用样方法共调查样点20个，未捕到鼠。采用5 m夹线法共计调查样点166个，布鼠夹16 600夹次，捕获鼠266只，隶属3科5属8种，捕获率为1.60%。从时间变化来看，10月到次年6月鼠密度均<1.00%，尤其是12月到次年4月鼠密度较低。鼠种以黑线姬鼠和黑线仓鼠为主；7和9月鼠密度分别为6.14%、5.93%，处在较高的水平，鼠类种类丰富，以黑线姬鼠、灰仓鼠、黑线仓鼠、大林姬鼠和中华姬鼠为主。共检查鼠体266只，其中带蚤鼠36只，染蚤率为13.53%，共获蚤100匹，隶属3科5属7种，平均蚤指数为0.38。全部材料进行细菌学和血清学检验，结果均为阴性。结论 张家口赛区及其周边地区未发现河北省及周边鼠疫自然疫源地主要宿主动物和媒介蚤类的分布，并且其自然景观、鼠种构成、媒介蚤种组成均与河北省鼠疫自然疫源地存在明显差异，当地发生原发性动物间鼠疫的风险较小。

关键词: 鼠类, 蚤类, 张家口赛区