Abstract: Objective To rear Xenopsylla cheopis, and to observe and record its morphological changes and characteristics in various stages of life cycle. Methods Xenopsylla cheopis was reared and bred using wet filter papers combined with petri dishes. Stereomicroscope and microscope imaging system were used to collect, observe, and record the morphological changes and characteristics of X. cheopis in each life-stage. Results The images of morphologic changes of X. cheopis in "egg-larval-pupal-adult" stages were obtained. The period from the eggs being laid to the offspring emerging as adults lasted 26-35 days, including 2-7 days of egg stage, 6-19 days of larval stage, 10-22 days of pupal stage, and 26-60 days of adult stage. The number of eggs laid and the number of larvae hatched followed the circulation mode of "peak-trough" with the time of blood supply. Conclusion There are time-points of morphological changes and developmental stages in the life cycle of X. cheopis, which can provide targets for its precise control.

Key words: Xenopsylla cheopis, Rearing on wet filter papers, Morphological characteristics, Life cycle, Microscope imaging system

摘要： 目的 饲养、观察和记述印鼠客蚤发育各期的形态过程及其变化特征。方法 采用湿滤纸饲养和平皿中培育相结合的方法进行饲养繁殖，利用体式解剖镜和显微成像系统采集、观察和记录印鼠客蚤各期形态发育变化及其特征。结果 获得印鼠客蚤生长发育周期“卵-幼虫-蛹-成蚤”的各期形态变化特征图片；该蚤从卵产出至子代成虫羽化历期历经26~35 d，其中卵期为2~7 d，幼虫期6~19 d，蛹期10~22 d，成虫期26~60 d；产卵数及幼虫孵化数随供血时间遵循“高峰期-低谷期”的循环方式进行。结论 印鼠客蚤发育周期有形态变化和发育时间变化节点，可为该蚤的精准防制提供作用靶点。

关键词: 印鼠客蚤, 湿滤纸饲养, 虫态, 发育周期, 显微成像系统