Abstract: Objective To study the situation of rabies post-exposure treatment surveillance in Wuhu city in 2014 and provide evidence for rabies prevention and control. Methods The data of rabies post-exposure treatment surveillance were collected from dog-bite injury clinic of Wuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2014, descriptive epidemiological analysis and Logistic regression were applied for data analysis. Results A total of 10 009 cases of rabies post-exposure treatment were reported, the majority of these cases were young-and middle-aged adults; cases were reported every month, exposure mainly occurred in summer and autumn, the number from May to October accounted for 60.99% of all incidents. Injuries were mostly on four limbs and GradeⅡ exposure, and the upper and lower limbs accounted for 53.64% and 41.27% respectively, grade Ⅱ and gradeⅢexposures accounted for 86.38% and 12.30% respectively, all exposed cases were inoculated with rabies vaccines and 38.42% of cases with Grade Ⅲ exposure were given passive immunizing agents. However, 8.71% of the wounds were untreated after exposure, dog bites constituted 78.31% of all exposures and only 22.59% of dogs were vaccinated before and without vaccination accounted for 72.36%. Age, injured place, grade of exposure, wound self-treatment and immunization history of the animals were the protective factors. Conclusion Injuries were mostly Grade Ⅱ exposure in Wuhu during 2014, low rates of passive immunizing agents among the cases with Grade Ⅲ exposure, parts of the cases lack of standard wound treatment after exposure. Therefore, public health education and post-exposure treatment should be further strengthened to reduce the risk of rabies incidence.

Key words: Rabies, Exposure, Surveillance

摘要： 目的 分析芜湖市2014年狂犬病暴露处置现状，为狂犬病防制工作提供参考。方法 收集芜湖市CDC狂犬病门诊2014年全年暴露处置资料，进行描述性流行病学分析，对狂犬病疫苗接种及时性的影响因素采用Logistic回归分析。结果 2014年监测狂犬病暴露处置共计10 009人，暴露人群主要为青壮年；全年均有暴露者，夏秋季为暴露高峰，5-10月暴露人数占总数的60.99%；暴露部位集中分布于四肢，其中上肢占53.64%、下肢占41.27%；暴露分级以Ⅱ度为主，占86.38%，Ⅲ度占12.30%；所有的暴露者均进行了狂犬病疫苗接种，Ⅲ度暴露者被动免疫制剂接种率仅为38.42%；暴露后伤口未处理的占8.71%；以犬伤为主，占78.31%，伤人动物有免疫史者占22.59%，无免疫史者占72.36%；年龄、被伤地点、伤口分级、伤口自行处理和伤人动物的免疫史等是接种及时性的影响因素。结论 2014年芜湖市狂犬病暴露伤口分级以Ⅱ度为主，Ⅲ度暴露者被动免疫制剂接种率低，部分暴露者伤口处置不规范，应加强健康教育和狂犬病暴露后处置工作，降低狂犬病发病风险。

关键词: 狂犬病, 暴露, 监测