Abstract: Objective Two previously unknown rodent species were identified by DNA barcoding from Yangchun city, Guangdong province. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from samples, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunitⅠ genes were amplified using universal primers (BatL5310 and R6036R), then sequenced. BLAST comparison was subsequently carried out in NCBI. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining method. Genetic distances were calculated based on double parameter model. Results DNA sequences from two samples were consistent, suggesting they were the same species. It showed high sequence similarities with Berylmys bowersi(99%) in GenBank. In addition, genetic distance with B. bowersi was 0.004 6, less than 1% threshold of intraspecific genetic distance. Therefore, the unknown species was B. bowersi. Conclusion DNA barcoding is a highly effective approach to rapidly identify species, which could make up the shortages of morphological taxonomy.

Key words: Berylmys bowersi, DNA barcoding, Cytochrome c oxidaseⅠgene

摘要： 目的 利用DNA条形码技术对未知鼠种样本进行种类鉴定。方法 以2016年在广东省阳春市捕获的2只鼠样本为研究对象，提取其基因组DNA，采用通用引物BatL5310和R6036R扩增线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ基因片段并进行测序，将测序结果在美国国立生物技术信息中心（NCBI）中进行BLAST比对，采用邻接法构建分子系统发育树，基于双参数模型计算遗传距离。结果 2只鼠样本的DNA条形码序列一致，为同一种鼠，与NCBI中青毛鼠的序列相似度高达99%，且与青毛鼠（JN105108.1）的遗传距离为0.004 6，低于种内遗传距离1%的阈值，因此确认未知鼠为青毛鼠。结论 DNA条形码技术是一种高效、快捷的鼠类鉴定方法，可弥补形态学鉴定缺陷。

关键词: 青毛鼠, DNA条形码, 细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ基因