Abstract: Objective To investigate species composition and predominant species of termites in Changde region, propose some coping tactics and provide theoretical and practical guidance for termite control. Methods From 2012 to 2015, combining the sampling investigation and point investigation, collecting the termite specimen in the different habitats, including the houses and buildings, landscaping, mountain forest, farmland area and nature forest region in Changde of nine districts and counties. Data were analyzed using variance by SPSS 16.0(SPSS Inc. 1989-2007)software. Results A total of 2 528 termite specimen were collected in Changde region(including 225 streets and towns, 1 699 villages), belonging to 30 species, 7 genera and 2 families. Odontotermes formosanus(42.40%)distributed most widely, followed by Reticulitermes flaviceps(24.29%), Macrotermes barneyi(9.93%), R. chinensis(8.82%), and R. leptomandibularis(3.52%). Odontotermes formosanus was the predominant species in landscaping(65.71%), mountain forest(41.65%)areas and farmland area (39.21%). R. flaviceps(33.55%)was the predominant species in houses and buildings. Except Wuling and Dingcheng districts, damage of termites in villages and towns in other districts and counties were 100%. The highest village damage of termites was Taoyuan county(94.93%). Conclusion The investigation provided scientific basis for further studies on species composition, the ecological environment damage and the development on control of termites.

Key words: Termite, Species composition, Dominant species, Damage proportion, Changde city

摘要： 目的 掌握常德市白蚁种类组成及危害的优势种，同时有针对性地制定适应常德市的白蚁防治策略，为白蚁防治工作提供理论和实践指导。方法 2012-2015年采用抽样调查和重点调查相结合的方式在常德地区9个县（区、市）的房屋建筑、园林绿化、山坡树林、农田生活区和原始自然林区5种不同生境中广泛采集白蚁标本；利用SPSS 16.0软件对数据进行方差分析。结果 在225个乡镇（街道），1699个村落共采集白蚁标本2528号，计2科7属30种。优势种为黑翅土白蚁、黄胸散白蚁、黄翅大白蚁、黑胸散白蚁和细颚散白蚁，分别占标本总数的42.40%、24.29%、9.93%、8.82%和3.52%。黑翅土白蚁是园林绿化（65.71%）、山坡树林（41.65%）、农田生活区（39.21%）生境中的优势种，黄胸散白蚁是房屋建筑的优势种，占33.55%。除武陵区和鼎城区外，其他县（区）白蚁乡镇危害率均为100%，桃源县的白蚁村落危害率最高，达94.93%。结论 该调查基本查清了常德地区的白蚁种类组成、分布及各生态环境下的白蚁危害情况，为开展白蚁防治工作提供了科学依据。

关键词: 白蚁, 种类组成, 优势种群, 危害率, 常德