Abstract: Objective Bacteria carried inside and outside the body of Periplaneta americana were studied, which were collected from different environment, and the relationship between the bacteria and the living environment of P. americana were analyzed. Methods Periplaneta americana were collected from the port, hospital and residential areas. 16S rRNA V3-V4 was selected as the target gene 4-5 individuals were collected from each area as replicates. Bacteria carried inside and outside the body of P. americana were studied by cloning method. Results Totally 139 genera, 202 species of bacteria from P. americana were obtained, including 22 genera, 44 species pathogenic bacteria, only 11 out of the 202 detected species were the same. In total, 55 genera, 65 species were obtained from the port, of which 16 genera, 21 species were pathogenic, and only 2 same species were detected among the different individual P. americana. Seventy three genera, 86 species were identified from the residential area, of which 13 genera, 19 species were pathogenic, none of the same bacteria were detected among the different individuals. Sixty eight genera, 101 species were obtained from the hospital area, of which 15 genera, 25 species were pathogenic, only 2 same species were detected among the different individuals. Conclusion Few same species of the bacteria were detected from the different individual P. americana from the same area, or the same species from different areas, so it was quite difficult to conclude the relationship between the bacteria carried by cockroach to its living environment, but more pathogenic bacteria and conditional pathogenic bacteria were detected from the P. americana from the port and hospital areas, so the surveillance of the cockroach should be strengthened in these areas.

Key words: Cockroach, Bacterial, Pathogen

摘要： 目的 研究不同环境下美洲大蠊体内和体表携带细菌情况，并分析美洲大蠊携带细菌与环境的关系。方法 2016年8-9月，以中山地区港口、医院、居民区采集的美洲大蠊为材料，16S rRNA V3~V4高变区为目的基因，每个地点选4~5个作为平行样本，采用克隆法对美洲大蠊体内、体表携带的细菌进行研究，并对细菌种类和致病性进行分析。结果 从中山地区港口、医院、居民区共检出细菌139属202种，其中致病菌22属44种，44种中有11种为共同携带的细菌。港口采集的美洲大蠊携带细菌为55属65种，其中致病菌16属21种，不同个体间携带相同种类细菌2种；居民区为73属86种，其中致病菌13属19种，不同个体间携带相同种类细菌为0；医院为68属101种，其中致病菌15属25种，不同个体间携带相同种类细菌2种。结论 同一地点采集的美洲大蠊不同个体之间以及不同地点采集的美洲大蠊携带相同种类的细菌所占比例均较低，很难确定美洲大蠊携带细菌的种类与其生存环境的关系，有待于进一步证实。该研究从蜚蠊体内外检出较多的致病菌和条件致病菌，医院、口岸等部门应加强蜚蠊的监测与防制，防止疾病的传播。

关键词: 蜚蠊, 细菌, 病原体