Abstract: Objective To understand species, population density and seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes in human habitats and surroundings in China and provide the avenue for risk assessment, prevention and control of mosquitoes and related infectious diseases. Methods The surveillance data of mosquitoes by light traps from 41 national surveillance sites were collected between 2006 and 2015. The species composition, density and seasonal and annual fluctuations of different species of mosquitoes in different habitats, provinces were compared. Results Percentage of Culex pallens/quiquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus together was 84.37%. No Anopheles dirus was captured; Density of Cx. pallens/quiquefasciatus was 0.66 mosquitoes per light trap per hour, and was highest. Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the second and density was 0.32. As a whole, the density of mosquitoes was decreasing from 2006 to 2013, but increasing afterward with fluctuations. The density of mosquitoes from livestock sheds was highest, followed by that associated with the farmyards. For each species, the density was highest in livestock sheds. Density of Aedes albopictus was little different among all five monitored habitats. Density in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was 4.12 and was highest, the second was Jiangsu and density was 3.59. There was a single peak in July during the seasonal fluctuations of total mosquitoes. The highdensity of Ae. albopictus persisted until September. Conclusion Culex pallens/quiquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus were the predominant mosquito species in human habitats and surroundings in China. The density of mosquito increased again since 2013. The density was highest in rural habitats and surroundings (livestock sheds and farmyards), especially in livestock sheds where most of mosquitoes in each species were captured. So, more attentions should be paid on mosquito control in the rural,especially on the habitats of livestock sheds. The density of mosquito peaked in July, while the density peak of different species may move to June or may delayed to September in different habitats. The control should be started promptly and be ended at the right time based on surveillance results.

Key words: Mosquito, Surveillance, Species composition, Habitat, Seasonal fluctuation

摘要： 目的 了解我国人居及周边环境蚊虫的常见种类、密度和季节消长规律，为病媒传播疾病的风险评估和科学有效防控病媒生物提供依据。方法 收集整理2006-2015年我国病媒生物监测国家级监测点蚊虫数据，分析蚊虫种类构成比，比较不同种类、不同环境、不同省份蚊虫密度差异及季节消长规律。结果 2006-2015年捕获蚊虫中淡色（致倦）库蚊和三带喙库蚊两者构成比达84.37%，各监测点均未捕获到大劣按蚊；淡色（致倦）库蚊密度最高，达0.66只/（灯·h），其次是三带喙库蚊为0.32只/（灯·h），捕获蚊虫总密度在2006-2013年间总体呈波浪式下降趋势，但2013年后密度开始逐渐上升；牲畜棚环境蚊虫密度最高，其次为农户，各蚊种均在牲畜棚密度最高，白纹伊蚊密度在各环境相差不大；各监测省份中广西壮族自治区密度最高，达4.12只/（灯·h），其次是江苏省，为3.59只/（灯·h）；各监测点捕获蚊虫总密度季节消长趋势呈单峰曲线，7月密度最高，白纹伊蚊在城镇环境（居民区、公园、医院）高峰期可持续至9月。结论 我国人居及周边环境中淡色（致倦）库蚊、三带喙库蚊是优势蚊种；蚊虫密度在2013年后有所回升，要加强防制；农村环境蚊虫密度较高，特别是牲畜棚是各类蚊虫的重要来源地，要加强此类环境蚊虫的防制；总体上7月是我国蚊虫活动的高峰期，但不同环境、不同种类蚊虫活动高峰可提前至6月，也可推迟至9月，要根据监测结果及时启动、适时结束控制病媒活动。

关键词: 蚊虫, 监测, 构成比, 环境类型, 季节消长