Abstract:

Objective To understand the mutations of Yersinia pestis, all of strains isolated in Tibet during 2009 to 2011 were selected to identify the biochemical features of the pathogen. Methods Traditional methods like glycerol fermentation, glucose metabolism and nitrate reduction were carried out. Tested strains isolated from Tibet during the year of 2009 and 2011, were incubated in biochemical action tubes made recently in 28℃ for 14 d, and the color of every tubes was observed and recorded each day. Results All of 111 tested strains were able to reduce nitrate and ferment glycerol, but unable to catabolize rhamnose; Nine of tested strains were capable of catabolizing arabinose, six of them isolated from Naqu and the other three from southern valley of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; The results of arabinose metabolism of the other 102 strains were all negative. Conclusion It was suggested that all tested strains belong to Biovar Antiqua. Those Y. pestis strains isolated from Naqu located in the northern Tibet were Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ecotype, and most strains isolated from southern valley of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were Gangdise Mountain Ecotype except only three strains, which had the same biochemical features as the strains of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ecotype. It needs to utilize molecular methods through analyzing genetic markers to type the three special Y. pestis strains.

Key words: Yersinia pestis, Biochemical characteristic, Tibet

摘要：

目的 通过对2009－2011年分离的鼠疫耶尔森菌（鼠疫菌）进行生化特征鉴定，及时掌握西藏地区鼠疫菌的遗传变异情况。方法 采用传统的糖醇酵解实验和硝酸盐还原实验，将2009－2011年分离自西藏自治区的111株鼠疫菌接种在新鲜配制的生化反应管内，28 ℃培养14 d，每天观察并记录反应管中培养基的颜色变化情况。结果 111株被测菌株均可还原硝酸盐并酵解甘油，但均不能酵解鼠李糖；有9株菌阿拉伯糖代谢阳性，其中6株来自那曲地区，3株来自藏南谷地；其余102株菌阿拉伯糖代谢结果为阴性。结论 被试菌均为古典型鼠疫菌，分离自藏北高原那曲地区的鼠疫菌均为青藏高原生态型菌株；分离自藏南谷地的鼠疫菌绝大部分属于冈底斯山生态型，且有3株表现出青藏高原生态型菌株特征，需进一步应用分子生物学方法对其遗传标记进行深入分析。

关键词: 鼠疫耶尔森菌, 生化特征, 西藏自治区