Abstract:

Objective Based on zoogeographical division of China, we analyzed the population characteristics of Culex pipiens pallens/Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus including its composition, density, seasonal fluctuation and the distribution in different circumstances, it will be supportive for mosquito surveillance and control program. Methods The mosquito surveillance data based on light traps were extracted from the National Vectors Surveillance Networks in China. The data werer analyzed in accordance with the zoogeographical division of China respectively to obtain the species composition and distribution, the population density, the seasonal fluctuation by each zoological division. Results In 2014, the annual average density of Cx. pipiens pallens/Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus was 1.20 mosquito/(trap·h). It was relatively low in January, February, November and December, and reaches the peak in July [3.45 mosquito/(trap·h)]. It was the predominant species both in the Southern [1.58 mosquito/(trap·h), 64.37%] and the Northern [2.31 mosquito/(trap·h), 81.97%] region of China. There was no record of Cx. pipiens pallens/Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus in Mongolia-Xinjiang Region. The annual average mosquito density had significance variation (F=3.977, P=0.004) in different zoogeographical division, and the differences in the seasonal mosquito fluctuation were statistically significant (F=2.484, P=0.013). The mosquito density distribution of different habitats also showed with significance variation (F=4.569, P=0.001). Among them, the mosquito density of livestock sheds was relatively high [1.92 mosquito/(trap·h)]. Conclusion The Cx. pipiens pallens/Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus' composition, density, and seasonal fluctuation showed difference with different zoogeographical distribution. The result is another evidence for the zoogeographical division of China, and the result might be a good example for analysis of mosquito surveillance. It may also serve as a basis for making the control decision in different zoogeographical divisions.

Key words: Culex pipiens pallens/Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus, Zoogeographical division of China, Density, Spatial-temporal distribution

摘要：

目的 根据2014年全国病媒生物监测网淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊监测数据,依据中国动物地理区划对该蚊种种群密度、季节消长等进行分析,获得不同地理区划该蚊种的分布规律,为蚊虫监测和防制提供依据,同时用以验证中国动物地理分区的划分合理性。方法 2014年全国41个蚊媒生物国家级监测点用诱蚊灯在城镇居民区、公园、医院、农户和牲畜棚等生境开展监测,获得淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊数据信息,依照中国动物地理区划对淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊构成比、种群密度、季节消长、生境分布及不同生境分布规律进行差异比较分析。结果 2014年全国淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊年平均密度为1.20只/(灯·h),7月达到峰值为3.45只/(灯·h),1-2月和11-12月密度较低。淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊在华北区、华南区为优势蚊种,分别占捕蚊总数的81.97%和64.37%,华北区该蚊种年平均密度最高,为2.31只/(灯·h);华南区次之,为1.58只/(灯·h);蒙新区未监测到该蚊种。不同地理区划的年平均蚊密度值差异(F=3.977,P=0.004)及所占比例差异(χ²=62628.20,P<0.01)均有统计学意义,季节消长差异亦有统计学意义(F=2.484,P=0.013)。5种不同生境类型中该蚊种密度差异有统计学意义(F=4.569,P=0.001),其中牲畜棚的年平均密度相对较高,为1.92只/(灯·h)。结论 我国不同地理区划的淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊构成比、种群密度、季节消长差异均有统计学意义;进一步验证了我国动物地理区划的合理性,建议不同地理区划的蚊虫监测及防制制定相应的方案。

关键词: 淡色库蚊/致倦库蚊, 中国动物地理区划, 密度, 时空分布