Abstract:

Objective In order to provide a foundation for the formulation of botanical rodenticide, we compared the effect of different concentrations of ricin extracts of castor beans mixed in rabbit chow on the reproductive function of the mice. Methods Healthy mature male and female mice were fed with rabbit chow that was mixed with extracts of castor beans. The palatability, ovarian and testis organ coefficients were evaluated. Testicular and ovarian histological sections were produced, the latency of birth and number of offspring was compared after experimental and control groups were paired with sexually mature males and females. Results Compared with the control group, the palatability had no statistical significance to the experiment group (♂: t=1.360, P=0.227; ♀: t=1.170, P=0.449). The testis organ coefficient of the experimental group was 4.118×10^-3, the testis organ coefficient of the control group was 7.398×10^-3, the coefficient of the experiment group was reduced significantly reduced (t=2.740, P=0.013). The thickness of the germinal epithelium in the experimental group was (26.55±6.11) μm, the control group was (54.35±7.14) μm, the germinal epithelium was significantly thinner as compared with the control group (t=3.160, P=0.011). The latency of birth was (7.50±0.71) d and the number of offspring was (3.80±5.22) in the experimental group 1, the latency of birth was (10.00±0.00) d and the number of offspring was (0.40±0.89) in the experimental group 3. However, the latency of birth was (2.20±1.30) d and the number of offspring was (13.50±2.97) in the control group, the latency of birth was significantly delayed (Z=1.954, P=0.049; Z=3.485, P=0.002) and the number of offspring was significantly reduced(Z=2.550, P=0.011; Z=3.424, P=0.004) in experimental group 1 and 3. The female ovarian organ coefficient was 2.218×10^-3 in experimental group but 4.621×10^-3, in control group. The coefficient of the experiment group was significantly reduced (t=3.980, P=0.001). The luteal maximum cross-section of the experimental group was (12 347.50±2 359.28) μm², the control group was (19 625.47±6 612.40) μm², the difference was significant (t=2.750, P=0.013). The latency of birth was (12.00±0.00) d and the number of offspring was (1.80±4.02) in the experimental group 2, the latency of birth was significantly delayed (Z=4.485,P=0.001)and the number of offspring was significantly reduced (Z=2.703, P=0.007) in the experimental group 2.Conclusion The antifertility effect was the most profound and palatability was satisfactory for the mice when consuming the rabbit chow that was mixed with ricin extracts of castor beans. However, further studies are warranted to address the application of castor bean extract as environmentally friendly rodenticide on farmland and woodland.

Key words: Castor bean, Plants sterilant, Testis, Ovary

摘要：

目的 比较含有一定浓度的蓖麻籽提取物蓖麻毒蛋白对小白鼠生殖功能的影响,为配制植物源灭鼠剂提供理论基础。方法 给健康性成熟雌雄小白鼠分别食用拌有蓖麻籽提取物的混合饵料,计算适口性,睾丸、卵巢脏器系数;制作睾丸、卵巢组织学切片,统计合笼后的产仔情况。结果 食用蓖麻籽提取物混合饵料的实验组小白鼠适口性与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(雄:t=1.360,P=0.227;雌:t=1.170,P=0.449);实验组雄鼠睾丸脏器系数为4.118×10^-3,与对照组(7.398×10^-3)比较系数减小,且差异有统计学意义(t=2.740,P=0.013);实验组生殖上皮厚度为(26.55±6.11)μｍ,与对照组〔(54.35±7.14)μｍ〕比较厚度变薄,且差异有统计学意义(t=3.160,P=0.011)。实验组1产仔潜伏期为(7.50±0.71)ｄ,产仔数量为(3.80±5.22)只,实验组3产仔潜伏期为(10.00±0.00) d,产仔数量为(0.40±0.89)只,对照组产仔潜伏期为(2.20±1.30)ｄ,产仔数量为(13.50±2.97)只,实验组1和3与对照组比较产仔潜伏期延长(Z=1.954,P=0.049;Z=3.485,P=0.002),产仔数量减少(Z=2.550,P=0.011;Z=3.424,P=0.004),两者差异均有统计学意义。实验组雌性卵巢脏器系数为2.218×10^-3,与对照组(4.621×10^-3)比较脏器系数减小,且差异有统计学意义(t=3.980,P=0.001)。实验组黄体最大横截面积为(12 347.50±2 359.28)μm²,与对照组〔(19 625.47±6 612.40) μm²〕比较横截面积减小,且差异有统计学意义(t=2.750, P=0.013)。实验组2产仔潜伏期为(12.00±0.00)ｄ,产仔数量为(1.80±4.02)只,与对照组比较产仔潜伏期延长(Z=4.485,P=0.001),产仔数量减少(Z=2.703,P=0.007),两者差异均有统计学意义。结论 蓖麻毒蛋白配制的混合饵料对小白鼠的抗生育效果明显且适口性好。作为绿色环保型鼠药应用到农田、林地还有待于进一步研究。

关键词: 蓖麻籽, 植物不育剂, 精巢, 卵巢