Abstract:

Objective To understand the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in surveillance sites, and to provide scientific reference for schistosomiasis control during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" in Zhejiang province. Methods According to the scheme of Zhejiang provincial schistosomiasis surveillance (revised in 2012), 11 provincial schistosomiasis surveillance sites which represented for water network endemic regions and hilly endemic regions were selected and evaluated. The morbidity of the infection, snail distribution and relevant factors were investigated. The 5 meter-synchronously systematic samplings combined with the environmental samplings were used for snail survey. Indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) combined with miracidium hatching method were used to evaluate morbidity in humas. Results The residual snails area were 12 100 m² in the 6 surveillance sites from 2012 to 2014. The area with Oncomelania snails,the rate of living snails frame and the mean densities of living snails in 2014 were reduced by 76.22%,53.04% and 73.91% when comparing to those in 2012, and no imported and infective snails were found. There were no local schistosomiasis cases, but 4 advanced schistosomiasis cases and 16 imported schistosomiasis cases were found in the surveillance sites. Conclusion The results of surveillance showed the current stable schistosomiasis endemics and the need of proper control measures in Zhejiang province. There are some residual snail populations and imported schistosomiasis cases in the surveillance sites, thus there is still a risk of re-emergence of schistosomiasis. To achieve the goal of schistosomiasis eradication, we must emphosize comprehensive prevention and control strategy with given priority to the surveillance of residual snails and imported schistosomiasis.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Surveillance, Zhejiang province

摘要：

目的 掌握浙江省血吸虫病监测点疫情状况,为制定防治对策和血防"十三五"规划提供参考。方法 按照《浙江省血吸虫病监测点监测方案(2012年修订版)》要求,2012-2014年在全省选择能代表水网型和山丘型血吸虫病流行类型的11个省级血吸虫病监测点开展螺情、病情及相关因素调查,螺情监测采用5 m系统抽样结合环境抽查法,病情监测采用间接红细胞凝集试验(IHA)结合尼龙绢袋集卵孵化法查病。结果 2012-2014年在6个监测点累计查出有螺面积12 100 m²,2014年有螺面积、有螺框出现率和活螺密度分别较2012年下降了76.22%、53.04%和73.91%,未查到输入性钉螺和感染性钉螺。病情监测未发现本地急性感染病例、新感染病例(畜),在3个监测点尚存4例历史晚期血吸虫病病例,发现16例输入性血吸虫病病例。结论 浙江省当前的血吸虫病流行状况稳定,防治措施得当,但仍存在残存钉螺和输入性传染源,因此血吸虫病重新传播流行的危险性依然存在,血防"十三五"期间必须坚持以查灭残存钉螺和防控输入性传染源为主的综合性防治策略,进一步达到全省消除血吸虫病目标。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 监测, 浙江省