Abstract:

Objective To learn and master the mosquitoes and the flies density and seasonal fluctuation in Shenyang and to provide a technical support for arbo-infectious diseases prevention and control. Methods Light traps and fly cage were used for mosquitoes and flies respectively. Results From 2011 to 2014, a total of 8572 mosquitoes were collected, with a mean density of 4.46 mosquitoes/(lamp·hour). Culex pipiens pallens was predominant species, accounting for 73.74%. The mosquito density was the highest in barns, followed by in farmers'houses, residential areas, hospitals and in parks. The mosquito density showed a marked seasonal fluctuation in Shenyang, with peak activity between July to September; from 2011 to 2014, a total of 16 119 flies were collected, with a mean density of 6.40 flies/(trap·hour), falling into 5 families, 13 genera and 14 species. Lucila sericata was predominant species, followed by Muscina stabulans, Musca domestica, Bellieria melanura, Calliphora vicina, Bercaea haemorrhoidalis, Boettcherisca peregrina; with a rising trend year by year, fly density of 2014 was 6.4 times that of 2011; fly density had peak times from June to August; the fly density was the highest in green belts, followed by in farm product markets, residential areas and in restaurants. Conclusion Data were obtained for the basic information on mosquitoes and flies density, species composition and seasonal fluctuation in Shenyang. The long term and systematic monitoring on mosquitoes and flies density should be conducted to provide a scientific basis for reasonable formulation of comprehensive prevention and control strategy.

Key words: Mosquito density, Fly density, Species composition, Seasonal fluctuation

摘要：

目的 了解和掌握沈阳市蚊虫和蝇类密度及季节消长规律,为虫媒传染病的预防控制提供技术支持。方法 蚊虫监测采用诱蚊灯法;蝇类监测采用笼诱法。结果 2011－2014年共捕获蚊类8572只,平均蚊密度为4.46只/(灯·h),淡色库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕蚊总数的73.74%。不同生境蚊密度牲畜棚> 农户> 居民区> 医院> 公园。沈阳市蚊密度季节消长明显,活动高峰一般在7－9月;2011－2014年共捕获蝇类16 119只,平均蝇密度为6.40只/(笼·h),隶属5科13属14种。以丝光绿蝇为优势种,其次为厩腐蝇、家蝇、黑尾黑麻蝇、红头丽蝇、红尾粪麻蝇、棕尾别麻蝇;蝇密度呈现逐年上升趋势,2014年蝇密度是2011年的6.4倍;蝇密度高峰期在6－8月;不同生境蝇密度依次是绿化带> 农贸市场> 居民区> 餐饮店外环境。结论 基本掌握了沈阳市蚊虫和蝇类密度、种类构成、季节消长情况。长期系统地对蚊虫和蝇类密度监测,为合理制定蚊蝇类综合防制策略提供科学依据。

关键词: 蚊密度, 蝇密度, 种群构成, 季节消长