Abstract: Objective　To investigate the awareness rate of rodent control, deratization willingness, and source of related knowledge among community residents in Wuhan, China, to launch various forms of intervention activities and search for effective models and methods for promoting rodent control awareness in community and to evaluate the effect, and to provide a basis for the development of appropriate community-based rodent control measures. Methods　Four neighborhoods were selected from Jiang’an and Jianghan districts of Wuhan. With a stratified cluster sampling method, one or two communities were selected from each neighborhood. All of the 7 communities were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. KAP questionnaire survey was performed among community residents aged 18 and above. Results　The satisfaction rate for rodent control in 2011 was 90.0% among experimental communities, which was significantly higher than that in control communities (29.2%) (χ2＝ 109.601, P＜0.01). Among residents in experimental communities, 15% found rodents in their house, while in control communities the percentage was 59.4%. The awareness rate of rodent control and related information was significantly higher in experimental communities than in control communities (P＜0.05). For the questionnaire, differences in awareness rates between the two groups were significant in most items, but not so significant in others. Of residents in all communities, 78.8% were willing to spend less than 5 yuan on rodenticides and traps, while 47.5% would reject rodent prevention service even for free. Conclusion　Long-term targeted promotion and education in multiple ways are needed in rodent control among communities. This survey will provide effective guidance for future rodent control in Wuhan.

Key words: Community population, Rodent control, Awareness rate, Health education for rodent control

摘要： 目的　了解武汉市社区人群对灭鼠相关知识的知晓率、居民灭鼠意愿及知识来源途径,开展多种形式的干预活动,探索社区灭鼠宣传教育的有效模式和方法,评价干预效果,为制定适宜的社区灭鼠宣传措施提供依据。方法　分别在武汉市江岸区和江汉区所辖的4个街道,采取整群分层抽样方法,从每个样本街道中各抽取1～2个社区,共抽取7个社区,分为试验社区和对照社区,分别抽取18岁以上人群进行知信行(KAP)问卷调查。结果　试验社区90.0%的受访居民对2011年的灭鼠表示满意,高于对照社区的29.2%(χ2＝109.601,P＜0.01)。15.0%的试验社区及59.4%的对照社区受访居民住宅中发现鼠类。试验社区居民对灭鼠常识及相关情况的知晓率高于对照社区(P＜0.05),其中大部分问卷条目的知晓率差异明显,其他问卷条目的知晓率差异不明显。在对照社区和试验社区中,一般小区78.8%的居民购买灭鼠药械消灭其住宅中鼠类花费＜5元,47.5%的居民拒绝即便是免费的防鼠服务。结论　在社区灭鼠工作中,需要进行长期多途径、针对性强的灭鼠宣传。该调查对未来武汉全市灭鼠教育有指导意义。

关键词: 社区人群, 灭鼠, 知晓率, 灭鼠健康教育