Abstract:

Objective To address the current issues of pest control operation (PCO) and pest control workers in Tianjin, China and to promote the specialized and standardized development of PCO companies in Tianjin. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 165 pest control workers who were trained in 2010-2011 to address their general concerns and to determine their awareness of pest control knowledge. One pest control worker was randomly selected from each PCO company. Results The pest control workers in Tianjin had a young age structure; there were still some workers with low educational levels; the workers had short lengths of service and low wage levels. The PCO companies in Tianjin are small in size, have small market coverage and distinct regional characteristics, severe price competition in the low-end market, and low degree of specialization. Some companies sought short-term profits and had no operation standardization. The pest control workers in Tianjin had a relatively high awareness of fly and rodent control knowledge but a relatively low awareness of mosquito and cockroach control knowledge, and their awareness of integrated control of insect-borne diseases was particularly low. Conclusion The Pest Management Association must regulate and provide professional training of pest control workers, and establish the principle that chemical control is only part of the integrated pest management. It is necessary to promote category-specific regulations for pesticides, adaptation of relevant regulations and standards, quality control of third-part service, establishment of liability insurance, etc., so that the PCO companies are transformed into pest management professional companies and are more environment-friendly, specialized, and institutionalized.

Key words: Pest control operation, Pest control worker, Questionnaire survey

摘要：

目的 了解天津市有害生物防治业（PCO）及从业人员的现状和存在问题，促进全市PCO公司的专业化与规范化发展。方法 对在2010－2011年参加培训的165名PCO人员进行从业人员概况和虫媒防治知识知晓调查，各公司随机抽取1名从业人员进行PCO公司概况调查。结果 天津市 PCO人员年龄结构较年轻，仍有部分低文化水平者，从业年限较短，工资水平偏低。天津市PCO公司企业规模小，市场覆盖面小，区域性特征明显，低端市场价格竞争严重，专业化程度不高，部分企业追求短期效益，实施作业缺乏规范。天津市PCO从业人员蝇和鼠防治知晓率较高，但蚊和蜚蠊防治知晓率较低，尤其对虫媒疾病的危害和综合防治的认知更低。结论 行业协会有必要加强规范化的职业培训，提供实用的技能训练，树立化学防治仅是整个控制措施中一部分的观念。有必要加快推进诸如杀虫剂分级管理、相关法规及标准建立、第三方服务质量评估、责任保险建立等工作，促使PCO公司尽早向PMP（有害生物管理业）转变，更加注重环保化、专业化和法制化。

关键词: 有害生物防治业, 有害生物防治从业人员, 问卷调查