Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Fujian province, China and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of this disease. Methods The data on the epidemic situation of HFRS in Fujian province were subjected to statistical analysis. Rodents were captured using cages at night. The density of captured rodents was calculated, and their species were identified. Hantavirus antigen was detected and identified from rodent lungs by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Results A total of 259 cases of HFRS were reported in Fujian in 2011, with an incidence of 0.70/105. The cases were distributed in 64 counties, county-level cities, or districts, particularly in Nanping, Ningde, Fuzhou, and Quanzhou. The incidence of HFRS was the highest in Songxi county and Zhouning county. The surveillance of rodents showed that the mean density of rodents was 8.22% indoors, and Rattus norvegicus, which carried Soul virus (typeⅡ), was the dominant species. In the mixed epidemic area, the mean density of rodents was 6.53% in the field, and R. fulvescens was the dominant species, followed by Apodemus agrarius, which carried Hantaan virus (type Ⅰ). HFRS virus antigen was first detected from R. norvegicus in Dehua county. Conclusion R. norvegicus is still the main host animal of HFRS in Fujian, and A. agrarius is the main host of HFRS in the field of mixed epidemic area in the northeastern area of Fujian. In 2011, the incidence of HFRS in Fujian increased significantly, especially in Songxi county and Zhouning county. Rodent control should be well performed, and HFRS bivalent vaccine should be widely used among the high-risk population, so as to reduce the incidence and prevent the outbreak of HFRS.

Key words: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Epidemiology, Host animal, Surveillance

摘要：

目的 掌握福建省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情动态,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法 对全省疫情报告进行统计分析;采用笼夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度及鼠种构成,应用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)对鼠肺进行汉坦病毒抗原检测及分型。结果 2011年福建省HFRS报告病例259例,发病率为0.70/10万。疫情分布于64个县(市、区),但主要集中在南平、宁德、福州和泉州4个市。松溪和周宁县发病率位居全省县(市、区)前2位。啮齿动物监测显示,室内平均鼠密度为8.22％,褐家鼠为主要鼠种,携带汉城型病毒(Ⅱ型)。混合型疫区野外平均鼠密度为6.53％,针毛鼠为主要鼠种,其次是黑线姬鼠,携带汉滩型病毒(Ⅰ型)。首次从德化县褐家鼠中检出HFRS病毒抗原。结论 福建省HFRS的主要宿主动物仍以褐家鼠为主,闽东北混合型疫区野外主要宿主动物为黑线姬鼠。2011年福建省HFRS疫情有明显上升,松溪和周宁县HFRS发病率超过中发县水平,应切实做好灭鼠工作,对重点人群推广使用HFRS双价疫苗,减少发病,严防疾病暴发流行。

关键词: 肾综合征出血热, 流行病学, 宿主动物, 监测