Abstract:

Objective To understand the trend of rodents in the hydraulic cascade development process in the Yichang section of the Three Gorges area, in order to provide important background information for medical assessment of the environment where large-scale water control projects were planned, and take measures timely to deal with problems associated with the pests. Methods Sequential investigation into the density and population of rodents in the Yichang section of the Three Gorges area had been implemented with the trap-night method since 1959. Results The density of rodents in the section in different periods of time generally presented a declining trend with a higher density outdoors than indoors. Compared with other periods the density of rodents from 1971 to 1980 was of the highest value (12.98%). In the years from 2001 to 2009, when the second and third stage construction of the Three Gorges Project was completed, the density of rodents in the section fell to its lowerest level (1.16%) in the history, which should be credited to the four times of thorough bottom clearance and the active rodent eradication in the reservoir area. The significant difference in both outdoor and indoor rodent species composition may be related to the alteration of the ecological environment, the migration and proliferation of biological species, and the competition between the different species. Conclusion The thorough sanitary clearances have a positive effect on the reduction of the rodent density in the reservoir area,which now is at the minimum level. It is not seen that the hydropower projects have a significant impact on it.

Key words: Three Gorges area, Rodent, Trend

摘要：

目的 掌握三峡库区宜昌段水利工程梯级开发过程中的鼠类变动趋势，及时采取对策，为大型水利枢纽工程环境的医学评估提供重要的背景资料。方法 自1959年以来连续在三峡库区宜昌段用夹夜法调查鼠类种群及密度。结果 三峡库区宜昌段不同时期鼠密度总体上呈下降趋势，室外鼠密度高于室内。1971－1980年鼠密度达到最高值(12.98％)。2001－2009年，三峡工程完成二、三期建设，全线竣工，该时段鼠密度降至历史最低点(1.16％)，库区4次卫生清底、库区各县(市)积极灭鼠效果显著。室内外鼠种构成均有很大变化，可能与生态环境的改变、生物种群的迁移扩散和种间竞争有关。结论 库区鼠密度受库区卫生清底影响较大，目前已降至历史最低点，库区水利工程兴建对其未呈现显著影响。

关键词: 三峡库区, 鼠类, 变动趋势