Abstract:

Objective To gain an insight into the mosquito species, their density and their growth and decline with different monitoring methods. To understand their distribution patterns, and the dominat mosquito species obtained with different monitoring methods, in order to provide relatively accurate early warning information for the proper implementation of mosquito density monitoring and effective control and prevention of Japanese encephalitis(JE) and other vector-born diseases. Methods The “National Vector Biological Monitoring Program (trial)” issued by the Ministry of Health of P.R. China was used as a guideline for the investigation and monitoring. Results The Results of mosquito larvae density monitoring showed that the positive rate of the idle containers was highest from July to September every year. Of the idle containers the container index (CI) was 36.83%, the housing index (HI) was 34.86% and breteau index (BI) was 24.14. The light trap method, human induced method and mosquito and oviposition trap method were employed to investigate the prevalence of mosquitoes in Baoji city and some of its urban counties from 2006 to 2009. The findings showed that the mosquitoe species acquired were closely related to the ecological environment where they bred and the monitoring Methods used. The types of mosquitoes acquired with different monitoring Methods and in different ecological environments were different. The largest number and types of mosquitoes was obtained with the light trap method, with Culex pipiens pallens (58.82%) being the dominant species, and the mosquitoes obtained by human induced method were mainly Aedes albopictus (77.09%). Those acquired with the capture method were dominantly Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Armigeres subalbatus, which accounted for 60.94% and 22.21% respectively. The mosquito Cx. pipiens pallens was dominant in urban, and rural residential areas and farming and aquaculture areas accounting for 90.00%, 40.45% and 70.05% respectively, with the mosquito Ae. albopictus being the major species (36.80%) in special places. In terms of the time distribution, it was in August that the mosquito density reached its peak in Baoji. Conclusion It is seen that the types of mosquitoes acquired with different monitoring Methods are different, indicating that it is advisable that proper choice of the monitoring Methods is exercised to avoid bias in routine monitoring. It is desirable that the anti-mosquito measures be taken in April and May befor the peak mosquito densities, in order to reduce the occurrence of mosquito-borne diseases in Baoji.

Key words: Mosquito, Monitoring, Control

摘要：

目的 采用不同监测方法，研究所获取的蚊虫种类及其密度、消长情况，掌握其分布规律，探索不同监测方法所获取的优势蚊种，为正确开展蚊虫密度监测、流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)等媒介生物性疾病预防、控制提供较为准确的预警信息。方法 按照卫生部《全国病媒生物监测方案(试行)》进行调查监测。结果 蚊幼虫密度监测显示，闲置容器的阳性率每年7－9月所占比例最大。容器指数为36.83%，房屋指数为34.86%，布雷图指数为24.14；成蚊采用灯诱法、人诱法、诱蚊诱卵器等方法，对2006－2009年宝鸡市区及部分县(区)蚊虫进行调查研究，结果显示：蚊虫种类与生态环境、监测方法有很大关系。不同监测方法、不同生态环境所获取的蚊虫种类不同，灯诱法采集的蚊虫种类和数量最多，所获蚊虫主要为淡色库蚊(占58.82%)；人诱法所获蚊虫主要为白纹伊蚊(占77.09%)；捕捉法畜舍以三带喙库蚊、骚扰阿蚊为主，分别占60.94%和22.21%。城市居民区、农村居民区、养殖耕种区以淡色库蚊为主，分别占90.00%、40.45%和70.05%，特殊场所以白纹伊蚊为主(占36.80%)。宝鸡市蚊虫密度8月达最高峰。结论 监测方法不同所获蚊虫种类不同。因此，在日常监测工作中，应合理选择监测方法，避免出现偏差。建议在蚊密度高峰来临前的4－5月采取防蚊、灭蚊措施，减少蚊媒传染病的发生。通过有效掌握宝鸡市蚊虫种类、密度，给病媒生物性疾病的风险评估打下了基础。

关键词: 蚊虫, 监测, 控制