Abstract:

Objective To investigate and identify the species composition and distribution of fleas in the plague focus in Longlin county, providing the basis for plague prevention and control. Methods Fleas were collected from rodents captured by cage traps to calculate the flea-carrying rate and flea index. Free fleas on indoor floors were collected using sticky papers for computation of the floor flea index. Results A total of 2839 fleas in 6 species under 5 genera, 3 families were captured. Xenopsylla cheopis was the dominant species. The average rodent carrying rate, flea index, index of X. cheopis and free flea index on floors were 27.12%, 0.98, 0.78 and 0.046, respectively. Besides, the monthly dynamics of the rodent flea-carrying index and free flea index were bimodal, despite regular pattern on a yearly basis. Conclusion X. cheopis, Pulex irritans and Monopsyllus anisus are the targeted subjects for plague control in Longlin county.

Key words: Plague, Flea, Population distribution

摘要：

目的 调查和了解隆林县家鼠鼠疫疫源地蚤类的组成及分布特征，为鼠疫的防控提供依据。方法 对笼捕法捕获的鼠类进行鼠体蚤的采集， 计算鼠体染蚤率和蚤指数； 用粘蚤纸法捕获室内地面游离蚤， 计算地面游离蚤指数。结果 共捕获蚤类3科5属6种共2839匹，其中，印鼠客蚤为优势蚤种。鼠体平均染蚤率为27.12%，平均蚤指数为0.98，印鼠客蚤指数为0.78，地面游离蚤指数为0.046。此外，鼠体染蚤指数和地面游离蚤指数的月际变化均呈双峰型格局；而年际变化无明显规律。 结论 印鼠客蚤、人蚤和不等单蚤是隆林县鼠疫控制中的主要防治对象。

关键词: 鼠疫, 蚤类, 种群分布