Abstract:

Objective To understand the infestation situation of major vectors in public places in Henan for the provision of a scientific basis on which the measures for the control and prevention of the vectors in public places in the area were developed. Methods Survey of the infestation situation of major vectors in the area was implemented in four types of public places including hotels, restaurants, schools and medical facilities. Both Powder-spot method and rodent trace method were used for the surveillance of rodent, with sticky-paste method for cockroach, eyeballing method for flies, labor hour method for adult mosquito and container index method for mosquito larvae and pupae. Results With the powder-spot method and rodent trace method, the positive rate of rodent were 5.23% and 4.02% respectively. The positive rate per room for cockroaches was 11.97%, with an average of 8.81 cockroaches per room in the positive rooms, being highest in the restaurants. The positive rate room for flies was 22.38% with an average of 2.43 flies per room in the positive rooms, being highest in the restaurants. The adult mosquito density was 6.49/(man·hour)with Culex pipiens pallens being the dominant species. The positive rate of mosquito larva and pupae was 19.06%. Conclusion It is seen that only the average number of flies in the positive room meets the standards and all the other major indexes were beyond the acceptable limits, indicating that the infestation situation of important vectors in public palaces in Henan was serious, and great importance should be attached to the control and prevention of vectors in public palaces in Henan.

Key words: Public palace, Vector, Infestation, Investigation

摘要：

目的 了解河南省公共场所病媒生物侵害情况，为制定该地区病媒生物防制措施提供借鉴与科学依据。方法 调查宾馆、饭店、学校和医疗机构4类公共场所的病媒生物侵害情况。鼠类调查采用粉块法和鼠迹法；蜚蠊调查采用粘捕法；蝇类调查采用目测法；成蚊调查采用人工小时法，蚊幼虫调查采用容器指数法。结果 鼠类调查粉块法阳性率5.23％，鼠迹法阳性率4.02％；蜚蠊调查阳性房间率为11.97％，以饭店阳性率最高，阳性房间平均蜚蠊数8.81只/间；蝇类调查阳性房间率22.38％，以饭店阳性率最高，阳性房间平均蝇数量2.43只/间；成蚊调查平均密度为6.49只/人工小时，以淡色库蚊为优势种，蚊幼虫容器指数法调查平均阳性率为19.06%。结论 除阳性房间平均蝇数量指标合格外，其余主要指标均超过标准。提示河南省公共场所病媒生物侵害严重，公共场所病媒生物防制工作应引起重视。

关键词: 公共场所, 病媒生物, 侵害, 调查