Abstract:

Objective　The study was conducted to establish a molluscicide with strong snail?killing effects and low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Methods　Immersion tests using 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/L carbamide and spraying tests using 15, 20, 25 and 30 g/m² carbamide were conducted under laboratory conditions to measure the molluscicidal effects, respectively, which were then compared to the effect using 2 g/m² niclosamide. Results　The Oncomelania hupensis mortality rates ranged from 3% to 6% after carbamide immersion at the concentration of 100-800 mg/L, suggesting no statistical difference from those in the control group (P＞0.05). The 1, 3 and 5 d O. hupensis mortality rates in laboratory spraying tests reached 91%, 90% and 95% in the 30 g/m² group, while those in the 2 g/m² niclosamide group were 97%, 96% and 98%, indicating no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05). Conclusion　Under laboratory conditions, carbamide immersion was ineffective in killing snails, whereas carbamide spraying had the same molluscicidal effects as niclosamide did.

Key words: Carbamide, Oncomelania hupensis, Molluscicidal effect

摘要：

目的　寻找一种杀螺作用强，对水生生物毒性低的杀螺剂。方法　碳酰胺100、200、400、800 mg/L实验室浸泡杀螺试验和碳酰胺15、20、25、30 g/m²实验室喷洒杀螺试验，并与氯硝柳胺2 g/m²做比较。结果　碳酰胺在100～800 mg/L浓度时浸泡杀螺，钉螺死亡率为3%～6%，与对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；实验室喷洒碳酰胺1、3、5 d观察钉螺死亡率，30 g/m²组钉螺死亡率分别为91%、90%和95%，氯硝柳胺2 g/m²组钉螺死亡率分别为97%、96%和98%，两者之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论　碳酰胺实验室浸泡杀螺无效；碳酰胺实验室喷洒杀螺具有与氯硝柳胺相同的效果。

关键词: 碳酰胺, 钉螺, 杀螺效果