辽宁省丹东市2011—2023年发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2011—2023年辽宁省丹东市发热伴血小板减少综合征（SFTS）的三间分布特征,为制定SFTS防控措施提供依据。方法使用Excel 2007软件建立数据库,SPSS 23.0软件对SFTS的人群、时间和地区特征进行描述性分析,计数资料采用率或百分比描述、率的比较采用χ²检验,采用Joinpoint Regression 5.0软件,利用Joinpoint回归模型（JRP模型）分析发病率的变化趋势。结果 2011—2023年丹东市累计报告SFTS病例558例,年均报告发病率为1.83/10万,发病率上升、回落再上升,呈整体上升趋势（χ²_趋势=51.489,P<0.001）。男女性别比为1.17∶1,发病年龄集中在45～<80岁（87.10%）,职业以农民为主（66.85%）。SFTS发病具有明显的季节性,报告病例主要分布在5—10月,7—9月为发病高峰。2011—2023年丹东市SFTS报告发病数和年均发病率位居前2位的县（市、区）均为宽甸满族自治县（宽甸县）（256例,4.70/10万）和凤城市（201例,2.78/10万）。累计报告病例数位居前5位的乡镇（街道）为宽甸县宽甸镇、凤城市边门镇、宽甸县毛甸子镇、凤城市石城镇和宽甸县灌水镇。年均发病率位居前5位的乡镇（街道）为宽甸县毛甸子镇、大川头镇、杨木川镇、虎山镇和凤城市石城镇。结论丹东市SFTS发病率呈上升态势,发病具有明显的季节性和地区分布,病例分布呈现由北部中低山区向中部丘陵地带、中南部平原地带扩散的趋势,中老年农民为发病主要人群,应高度重视SFTS防控,采取综合措施以控制高发区SFTS疫情。

关键词: 发热伴血小板减少综合征, 流行病学, 季节性, 地区分布

Abstract: Objective To analyze the population, temporal, and spatial characteristics of the reported cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Dandong, Liaoning Province, China, 2011-2023, so as to provide evidence for formulating SFTS prevention and control measures. Methods Excel 2007 software was used to establish a database. SPSS 23.0 software was used to conduct descriptive analysis on the population, time, and regional characteristics of SFTS. Rate or percentage was used to describe count data. The comparison of rates was conducted using Chi-square test. Joinpoint Regression 5.0 software was used to analyze the changes in incidence rate based on the Joinpoint Regression Program. Results From 2011 to 2023, a total of 558 cases of SFTS were reported in Dandong, with an average annual incidence of 1.83/100 000. The annual incidence increased, slightly decreased, and then increased, showing an overall increasing trend (χ²_trend=51.489, P<0.001). The male-to-female ratio of the cases was 1.17:1. The cases mainly occurred in individuals with 45-<80 years of age (87.10%). In terms of occupation, the disease mainly affected farmers (66.85%). The incidence of SFTS showed obvious seasonality, with the reported cases mainly distributed from May to October, and the incidence peaked from July to September. The top two counties, county-level cities, and districts in terms of reported cases and average annual incidence were all Kuandian County (256 cases, 4.70/100 000) and Fengcheng City (201 cases, 2.78/100 000). The top five townships in terms of cumulative number of reported cases were Kuandian Town in Kuandian County, Bianmen Town in Fengcheng City, Maodianzi Town in Kuandian County, Shicheng Town in Fengcheng City, and Guanshui Town in Kuandian County. The top five townships in terms of average annual incidence were Maodianzi Town in Kuandian County, Dachuantou Town in Kuandian County, Yangmuchuan Town in Kuandian County, Hushan Town in Kuandian County, and Shicheng Town in Fengcheng City. Conclusions The incidence of SFTS in Dandong increased and showed obvious seasonal and regional distribution. The distribution of cases showed a trend of spreading from the middle and low mountain areas in the north of Dandong to the central hilly area and the central and southern plain areas. Middle-aged and elderly farmers were the primary affected populations. Significant emphasis should be placed on the prevention and control of SFTS. Comprehensive measures should be taken to control the SFTS epidemic in high-incidence areas.

Key words: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, Epidemiology, Seasonality, Regional distribution

中图分类号:

R183.5

于丹梅, 庞亚男. 辽宁省丹东市2011—2023年发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(5): 557-563.

YU Dan-mei, PANG Ya-nan. Epidemiological analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Dandong, Liaoning Province, China, 2011-2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(5): 557-563.

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